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"Answers
to the Retrotrivia Quiz."
Following is the famous key for the retrotrivia quiz:
1. a = b + __
a. Fill in the blank. x
b. By what name do we now know the answer to a? src
2. By what names were the following viral oncogenes first known?
a. mos src
b. ras src
c. fes src
d. fps src
e. fms src
f. yes src
3. Who coined the term "reverse transcriptase?"
An anonymous Nature "News and Views" author
4. Howard Temin's paper describing reverse transcriptase appeared
in Nature in June 1970.
a. What paper was immediately before it?
David Baltimore's paper on the same subject.
b. What two things were unusual about the publication of
this paper?
1. The Journal changed the order of authors.
2. It was published 12 days after it was received.
6. Name 5 human "rumor" viruses.
Esp-1; RD114; HL-23; HEL-12, HeLa virus, Spiegelman's
particles, et al.
7. John Moore, not a retrovirologist, immunologist, or biochemist,
nevertheless made a significant contribution to retrovirology.
a. Specifically, what did he contribute?
His spleen
b. What eventually came from it?
The Mo cell line (which produces HTLV-2)
c. How did he reward those responsible for immortalizing
him in this way?
By suing them
5. Among the scientists prominently connected with this book,
there are a number of mentor-trainee pairs, and more than one
3-generation connection. Match them up.
Scientist Mentor of:
a. John Coffin q
b. Steve Hughes z
c. Harold Varmus b,j,n
d. David Baltimore s,t,w
e. Howard Temin a
f. Peter Vogt h
g. Volker Vogt zz
h. Eric Hunter o
i. Steve Goff zz
j. Pat Brown zz
l. Barbara Graves zz
m. Arnold Rabson zz
n. Ron Swanstrom zz
o. John Wills zz
p. Jef Boeke zz
q. Jonathan Stoye zz
r. Dusty Miller zz
s. Paul Jolicoeur zz
t. Naomi Rosenberg zz
u. Ron Desrosiers zz
v. Tony Fauci zz
w. Hung Fan zz
x. Emilio Emini zz
y. Gerry Myers zz
z. Chris Petropolous zz
zz. None of the above
8. By what names do we now know the following retroviral genes or
proteins?
a. art/trs. rev
b. largagtin CA
c. pX Tax, Rex
d. x-lor tax
e. interspec Gag
f. orf sag
g. sor vif
h. gcsa Glyco-Gag
1. RDDP RT
9. a. What was PKL reported to be?
A member of the "kinase cascade" phosphorylated
by Src
b. What was it really?
A fraud
c. What CSH memory is evoked by this question?
Mark Spector speaking for 30 minutes late at
night to a completely full auditorium. Also, the
cover of the 1981 abstract book.
10. Consider the R protein.
a. What is it really?
The C-terminal peptide of MLV p15E, removed by PR
during assembly.
b. What well-known technique was invented to analyze it?
Anti-peptide antibodies
11. Identify the following phenomena, and give the retroviral
cause:
a. Mls-1.
An endogenous superantigen. Mtv7
b Gix.
A strain-specific mouse membrane antigen. Encoded
by the env gene of some endogenous MLV's
c. Ie.
Epistatic inhibitor of ALV infection. Env protein
encoded by some endogenous ALV's
d. RIF
Rous interfering factor. Also endogenous ALV Env
protein.
12. "One sick chicken, ___ Nobel Prizes."
a. Fill in the blank. 2
b. What should the number be now? 4
c. Who said this? Peter Duesberg
d. What kind of chicken was it? Barred Plymouth Rock
e. What made it sick? Rous sarcoma virus
13. Consider the c region
a. What do we call it now? U3 (of ASLV)
b. Why was it named this? It was marked by
oligonucleotide "c"
c. Who named it? Peter Duesberg
d. What are cn and cx? The "alleles" in
endogenous
and exogenous ALV
14. Explain the difference between src and sarc.
src is the oncogene of Rous sarcoma virus (also v-src).
Sarc was originally a src--specific c DNA probe, but the
term was also used for a while to refer to c-src.
15. In a word, the longest retroviral disease.
Reticuloendotheliosis
16. Expand the abbreviations.
a. FOCMA Feline oncornavirus cell membrane antigen
b. FMR Friend-Moloney-Rauscher
c. chf Chick helper factor
d. GRID Gay-related immunodeficiency disease
e. SVCP Special Virus Cancer Program
17. a. Discuss the significance of the Parsee women.
Indian women who supposedly had a high incidence
of breast cancer, and in whose milk was found to
be a high incidence of "retroviral" particles as
revealed by simultaneous detection assay
b. What is a simultaneous detection assay?
An assay for endogenous RT activity performed by
incubating detergent-treated material with labeled
triphosphates etc and running the products in a
sucrose gradient to simultaneously reveal the
presence of RT and 70S RNA.
18. Relate the following proteins or peptides to retrovirology.
Who made each famous?
a. Peptide T
1. The peptide Ala-Ser-Thr-Thr-Thr-Asn-Tyr-Thr
found in HIV gp120 and believed (by some) to
be involved in CD4 binding and to have
neuropeptide-like activity.
2. Constance Pert
b. CD26
1. A cell-surface protease believed (by a few for
a short time) to be the co-receptor for HIV.
2. Ara Hovanessian.
c. TCGF
1. T-cell growth factor (now IL-2), necessary for
growth of HTLV-1 - induced tumors as well as
normal T cells.
2. Bob Gallo.
d. Neuroleukin
1. A nerve growth and survival factor whose
mimicry by HIV-1 gp120 was once believed to
be responsible for neurological symptoms of
HIV infection.
2. M. Gurney.
19. What is/was (give also the name of the person associated
with each)
a. protovirus?
A putative transposable element ancestral to
retroviruses. (Howard Temin)
b. virogene?
In essence, an endogenous provirus.
(George Todaro)
20. What 3 names did Howard Temin use for retroviruses.
Hint: none of them caught on.
Rousviruses, Rnadnaviruses, Ribodeoxyviruses
Extra credit: What year was the first retrotrivia quiz? 1987
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