Type 1 Diabetes

Subject Area(s): Human Biology and Disease

Edited by Jeffrey A. Bluestone, University of California at San Francisco; Mark A. Atkinson, University of Florida, College of Medicine; Peter R. Arvan, University of Michigan Health System

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Description
Contents

Description

Type 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile-onset or insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus, is caused by the destruction of insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas by the body's immune system. It affects millions of individuals worldwide, who require regular insulin injections to control blood glucose levels and avoid severe consequences of glucose dysregulation.

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine provides a detailed examination of the causes and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. The contributors discuss genetic risk factors, environmental triggers, and our current understanding of the autoimmune response underlying the condition. Animal models for diabetes, epidemiological considerations in disease etiology, and the development of diagnostic markers and tools are also reviewed.

This volume includes discussions of treatment strategies for type 1 diabetes, such as immunosuppressive drugs, antigen-specific approaches, pancreas and islet transplantation, and the use of stem cells. It is an essential reference for not only immunologists, physiologists, cell and developmental biologists, and geneticists, but all medical scientists and physicians interested in the pathology and treatment of this difficult disease.

Preface
The Pathogenesis and Natural History of Type 1 Diabetes: Mark A. Atkinson
Breakdown in Peripheral Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes in Mice and Humans: Lukas T. Jeker, Hélène Bour-Jordan, and Jeffrey A. Bluestone
Generating β Cells from Stem Cells—The Story So Far: Matthias Hebrok
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Pancreatic β-Cell Degeneration, and Diabetes: Feroz R. Papa
Genetics of Type 1 Diabetes: Janelle A. Noble and Henry A. Erlich
Humoral Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes: Prediction, Significance, and Detection of Distinct Disease Subtypes: Massimo Pietropaolo, Roberto Towns, and George S. Eisenbarth
Immunologic and Metabolic Biomarkers of β-Cell Destruction in the Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes: Jasmin Lebastchi and Kevan C. Herold
Islet Autoantigens: Structure, Function, Localization, and Regulation: Peter Arvan, Massimo Pietropaolo, David Ostrov, and Christopher J. Rhodes
Do MHCII-Presented Neoantigens Drive Type 1 Diabetes and Other Autoimmune Diseases?: Philippa Marrack and John W. Kappler
Antigen Targets of Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity: Bart O. Roep and Mark Peakman
The Hygiene Hypothesis: An Explanation for the Increased Frequency of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes: Jean-François Bach and Lucienne Chatenoud
Environmental Triggers of Type 1 Diabetes: Mikael Knip and Olli Simell
Virus Infections in Type 1 Diabetes: Ken T. Coppieters, Tobias Boettler, and Matthias von Herrath
Connecting Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes through Innate Immunity: Justin I. Odegaard and Ajay Chawla
Advancing Animal Models of Human Type 1 Diabetes by Engraftment of Functional Human Tissues in Immunodeficient Mice: Michael A. Brehm, Alvin C. Powers, Leonard D. Shultz, and Dale L. Greiner
Antigen-Specific Therapeutic Approaches in Type 1 Diabetes: Xavier Clemente-Casares, Sue Tsai, Carol Huang, and Pere Santamaria
Clinical Immunologic Interventions for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes: Lucienne Chatenoud, Katharina Warncke, and Anette-G. Ziegler
Update on Islet Transplantation: Michael McCall and A.M. James Shapiro
Index